Source: Disaster Recovery Problembehebung
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Disaster recovery on Linux
Problem with a ReaR backup execution
Problem
- SEP sesam Client package was successfully installed and path backups are working. If you have problems executing a ReaR backup check the backup log if there are some missing dependencies. Example:
There are binaries or libraries in the ReaR recovery system that need additional libraries /opt/sesam/bin/sesam/libvirtmod.so requires additional libraries (fatal error) libvirt.so.0 => not found
Cause
- In this case the package libvirt-client is missing.
⇒ Solution
- Depending on your distribution, install libvirt-client as follows:
- On RHEL/CentOS 7 use the command: yum install libvirt-client
- On SLES 12/15 use: zypper install libvirt-client
The workflow mkrescue is not supported in the ReaR system
Problem
- The workflow mkrescue is not supported in the ReaR rescue/recovery system.
⇒ Solution
- Delete the file /etc/rear-release.
ReaR image hangs during bootup
Problem
- The system hangs during bootup like shown in the following image:
⇒ Solution
- Boot the system with the ACPI=OFF option (this option can be specified on the command line in the boot menu prompt, after the options BACKUP=SESAM OUTPUT=ISO).
The recovered system does not boot
Problem 1
- The system does not boot because /root/dev/console cannot be found.
Possible causes
- Certain distributions rely on the existence of the directory /dev/ while booting
- Certain static devices must exist before the udev daemon creates them.
⇒ Solution
- Include the /dev/ file system in your backup.
- If the restore cannot restore /dev/:
- Boot from the SEP sesam LIVE CD.
- Mount the ROOT partition of the restored system.
- Manually create the /dev/ directory.
- Manually create the /dev/console entry with:
mknod /path/to/target/mount//dev/console c 0 0
Problem 2
- The system does not boot because of missing libblkid.so.1.
Possible cause
- This is most likely caused by SELinux which is activated by default.
⇒ Solution
- Especially on RHEL6 or CentOS6 systems, follow these steps after rebooting from the ReaR recovery:
- Press a key when prompted by the boot loader (GRUB):
- Select the appropriate boot loader entry:
- Press e to modify the commands for the selected entry:
- Add selinux=0 to the commands:
- Press Enter to confirm the changes and b to boot up the machine with SELinux disabled.
- When having access to the system, change the option SELinux of /etc/selinux/config to the following: SELINUX=permissive
Afterwards, reboot the system and feel free to set the SELinux value back to enforcing if needed.
No bootable operating system can be found
Problem
- The system is not able to find a bootable OS instance after the restore.
Possible causes
- There may have been problems during the installation of the GRUB boot loader.
⇒ Solution
- The restore protocol includes a statement whether or not the installation of the boot loader was successful:
2009-12-14 14:48:27: sbc-3500: Info: Reinstall boot manager [/sesam/bin/sesam//sbc_grub_auto /mnt/disk/ AUTO]
- It is also possible to boot the system again from the live-CD, mount the target partitions and use grub-install to install the boot loader correctly.
The device does not have a corresponding BIOS drive
Problem
- During the restore, the following error occurs:
/dev/sda1 does not have any corresponding BIOS drive
Possible causes
- Check the file /boot/grub/device.map on the target system. If there are entries referring to the disk through /dev/by-disk/... as shown in the example below, the entry is most likely the reference to the hard disk partition of the broken system. GRUB will not find the proper device:
hd(0) /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_SP2504C_S09QJ1GLA14263-part1
⇒ Solution
- Reboot from the live-CD
- Mount the root and boot partitions to /mnt/disk (and /mnt/disk/boot, if necessary)
- Restart grub-install with the following options:
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/disk --recheck hd0
Output:
grub-probe: error: Cannot open `/boot/grub/device.map' /usr/sbin/grub-install: line 374: [: =: unary operator expected Installation finished. No error reported. This is the contents of the device map /mnt/disk/boot/grub/device.map. Check if this is correct or not. If any of the lines is incorrect, fix it and re-run the script `grub-install'. (hd0) /dev/hda (hd1) /dev/hdb
You can ignore the error line 374: [: =: unary operator expected.
More important is the result Installation finished. No error reported.
No corresponding BIOS drive for /dev/cciss/c0d0p2
Problem
- You receive the message: /dev/cciss/c0d0p2 does not have any corresponding BIOS drive in restore log.
⇒ Solution
- Please see: Novell support
fsck.ext3: File system has unsupported features
Problem
- During a restore of a system with kernel version 2.4 the system may not boot because the Live-CD creates a file system with features which are not supported by kernel 2.4.
Possible causes
- Most likely the file system options resize_inode,dir_index,large_file,ext_attr are causing the problem and making the system unbootable.
⇒ Solution
- Reboot from the Live-CD image, which includes the tool debugfs.
- Show the file system features with debugfs:
root@recover#: debugfs -w /dev/sda2 debugfs 1.41.1 (01-Sep-2008) debugfs: features Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery sparse_super large_file quit
Replace /dev/sda2 with the corresponding partition names on your system.
- To remove file system features:
root@recover#: debugfs -w /dev/sda2 debugfs: features -resize_inode -ext_attr -dir_index -large_file -needs_recovery -sparse_super Filesystem features: has_journal filetype quit
After removing the options, the system should boot correctly.
Incorrect inode size (256)
Problem
- After a successful restore the boot process stops with incorrect inode size (256).
Possible causes
- Older kernel versions (2.4) may use a different inode size than the one the file system's created through the Live-CD (which includes kernel 2.6). For example, this happens during the restore of SLES8 based systems which use an inode size of 128k.
⇒ Solution
- This can only be solved by formatting the devices manually from the Live-CD, using the proper mkfs options:
mkfs.ext3 -I 128 /dev/sda1
After this step, remount the partition to /mnt/disk and repeat the restore operations. Changing the inode size is only possible by reformatting the devices.
Missing root file system
Problem
- The restored system can't find a root file system and fails during resume.
Possible causes
- The /etc/fstab file was configured with the root file system as UUID.
⇒ Solution
- Specify the root file system device name in conventional device names if you are using a different physical disk. After booting, use YAST to reconfigure your boot loader or edit your /boot/grub/menu.lst manually:
root=/dev/sda2
Missing network cards
Problem
- The restored system does not find any network cards.
Possible causes
- If the restore was done to dissimilar hardware, SLES-based distributions may not configure the network devices correctly. SLES-based systems save their network configuration by using the system's MAC address. Most likely the system will not use eht0 as a device name, but eth1, as it has another MAC address.
⇒ Solution
- Use YaST and reconfigure your network interfaces.
Client does not start on the RHEL6/Debian9 recovery image
Problem
- The SEP sesam Client does not start automatically on RHEL6 and Debian9-based recovery images.
Cause
- The file /etc/init.d/functions is missing within the recovery image.
⇒ Solution
- The client can be started manually via: /opt/sesam/bin/sesam/sm_main start
RHEL7 backup fails with an error
Error 1
- The RHEL backup fails with the following error: ERROR: The LSB package is not installed.
⇒ Solution
- Install the lsb package as follows: yum install redhat-lsb-core mkisofs syslinux
Error 2
- The RHEL backup fails with: ERROR: Cannot find required programs: mingetty For more details, see Rear dependencies on RHEL7.
⇒ Solution
- To solve this problem, proceed as follows:
- Edit /var/opt/sesam/var/lib/rear/usr/share/rear/conf/default.conf and from the line: # required programs. Same as above, but if they are missing, we abort. REQUIRED_PROGS=( "$SCRIPT_FILE" remove the line: mingetty
- Run the backup again.
ReaR error occurred during grub2-mkimage of bootx64.efi
Anmerkung | |
In order to be able to create an UEFI/EFI bootable ISO image, the additional tool ebiso has to be installed on the client system as described in the section Installing ebiso for creating UEFI aware ISO images. |
Problem
- The ReaR error occurrs during grub2-mkimage of bootx64.efi.
⇒ Solution
- To solve the problem, install the grub2-efi-x64-modules package.
SM_SSH does not work on SLES11 recovery image
⇒ Solution
- In this case, execute mount -t tmpfs none /dev/shm/ -o rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec before starting the recovery process.
Client is unreachable after booting the rescue image
Problem
- After booting the rescue image the client is not reachable.
⇒ Solution
- Start the client manually using the following command on the rescue command line: sh /etc/scripts/system-setup.d/59-start-sesam-client.sh
EFI bootable image cannot be created on SLES11
Problem
- EFI bootable image of GRUB2 cannot be created on SLES11.
Cause
- SEP sesam v. 4.4.3.64 Grolar is the last version that supports SLES11 with UEFI.
⇒ Solution
- To continue using SLES with UEFI, you should not upgrade to a later version of SEP sesam.
Installing ebiso for creating UEFI aware ISO images
In order to be able to create an UEFI/EFI bootable ISO image the, the additional tool ebiso has to be installed on the client system. This package is not part of a regular SLES12/SLES15 installation and can be downloaded at the following URL:
http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/Archiving:/Backup:/Rear/SLE_12/x86_64/
or
http://download.sep.de/utils/bsr-linux/
For other Linux distributions contact SEP support at support@sep.de for assistance.
Install ebiso as follows:
rpm -i ebiso-<version>.rpm
Note that in ReaR v. < 1.19, the generated ISO image mount migt be too small for storing all needed information and need to be adjusted.
In this case, under
/var/opt/sesam/var/lib/rear/usr/share/rear/lib/uefi-functions.sh (line 64)
change
(shim.efi|elilo.efi) size=128000 ;;
to
(shim.efi|elilo.efi) size=228000 ;;